Anbar University Journal of Languages & Literature

The goals of this research paper are: 1 ) to examine the various sources of knowledge available to Al- Russafi of Valencia which found expression in his poetry;2) to gauge the extent to which these sources were utilized artisitically; 3) to outline Al-Russafi's literary erudition and his connections with Arabic culture.
The paper will start with an examination of the religious canon he drew on such as the holy Quran, hadith collections, and other sources of religious lexica. After that, it will move on to examine issues of intertextudality ( both in terms of content and from). Finally, the paper will talk about the poet's knowledge of history and geography (as evidenced by his condensed references to historical personages and geographical locales

This paper is a serious attempt to nullify the common current interpretation of the phenomenon of morphological change in the Holy Quran. Morphological change or agency happens when one morphological form substitutes another expressing the same meaning. It is usually given a speculative interpretation , ignoring the actual meaning. Thus the meaning of the Quranic utterance can never be the deep one. It should be the surface one.

This research defines Collocation in language and linguistics then suggests a general definition for it. It defines some main textual concepts and explains most important concepts of collocation in textual studies and their tools

There is no doubt with the words may converge in the sense, or may share the word in more than one meaning and that makes us go beyond this problem in the study of semantic fields as Amdna to him by the definition of the words, and limited to words whose meaning is clear and evident, words when Otrguena her hearing took us the beauty of Spkha, and the depth of their impact, and the sweetness of pronunciation and is the face - the subject of the application - the fastest means by which movement of meaning from the sender to the future and vice versa, which is about the signs and changes that occur to the face, and the individuals to communicate through which to express their feelings and the feelings of a certain, such as smile and laugh; to express of joy and gloom; to express sadness, anger and other expressions that show the position of vulnerability or being exposed to a particular circumstance of the individual.

After a descriptive analysis and scrutiny in what Al-Mubarrid has said and as comparing it with what Sibawayh said, we found that Sibawayh had preceded Al-Mubarrid in what he said about the present of the indefinite source; although, they differ in its measuring. Therefore, Sibawayh’s saying about the present is considered as absolute while Al-Mubarrid has considered it as one of its memberships, i.e. the difference in the measuring of its present and it is not. Accordingly, if the difference between Sibawayh’s and Al-Mubarrid’s sayings within the source and actuality based on what preceded, it couldn’t be called a difference. Consequently, Sibawayh indicated not to measure with source while Alumbarrid indicated to measure if it was a member of the source

The present study aims at investigating the linguistic features of headlines . It is an attempt to shed light on the morphology , semantics and syntax of headlines and to find out the differences between the language of headlines and the ordinary language . Headlines represent the most important part of news since they summarize the whole article or news story and they are the vital element through which the reader decides whether to read or leave the article . Due to pressure on page , the study postulates that the language of headlines deviates much from the ordinary language in terms of vocabulary and structure .There are some typical features in newspaper headlines that aim at getting the attention of readers .These features like the choice of words and grammatical structure are manipulated by headline writers to achieve impact and influence the readers to go on reading the report .

Literature is a revolution in the sense that it motivates people to think, see and then speak. That is the aim of literature which is to stimulate people to revolt against what is corrupted and wrong in society. LeRoi Jones ( Imamu Amiri Barka ) (1934) is one of black writers who employs his literary talent to defend his nationality. Throughout his works, he tries to show the racial discrimination towards black people in a society which values white ethics as superior over black inferiority.

The present study is devoted to deal with the two types of meaning: the literal meaning and the non-literal meaning. The literal meaning is the conventional meaning or the dictionary meaning of words and sentences independent from context(Recanati,2004: 79-80) . Concerning the contextual meaning or the non-literal meaning, it refers to the type of meaning that doesn't deal with the dictionary meaning, it accounts for the contextual factors which may be physical, linguistic or social. The interpretation of the sentence regardless of the context causes so many problems in conveying the exact intended speaker's meaning. The aim of this paper is to study the difference between the literal and non-literal meaning, How some words and sentences can be interpreted literally and others are interpreted in terms of context. As a result, there are some sentences that can be interpreted literally independent from context. Other sentences require a departure from its literal meaning.

The critical theory and its practice have often been regarded as a difficult areas in the field of literature for many scholars and researchers. This paper attempts to explain some reasons behind such attitude. It also attempts to explain the nature and meaning of the theory, its tasks, its basic tenets and its application in literature.
Moreover, English literature syllabuses urge students to show a personal response, critical sense and independent judgment through understanding of a text. Nevertheless, some have the sense of fear of that under the pressure of replication the received words or analysis of their teachers.
The aim of this paper is also to clear doubts of difficulty of the theory and its application in literature to be easily approached. Moreover, it may create interest for some scholars and readers for further readings in the same field.