Anbar University Journal of Languages & Literature

Abstract :"Tuhfat Al-Talib Nazm Shafiyat Ibn Al-Hajib" by Khalid Al-Musiyy, is one of thevari0us poem formation of "Al-Shafiya" lts verses reached 1145 lines , and the author1 AH . This is the editing of the first section of this poem from the start to the end of"Broken Plural".

The purpose of this research is to identify the semantic aspects contained in the bookExplanation of Al-Fasih Al-Marzouqi . It included various linguistic, phonetic, andsemantic phenomena, and we have succeeded in extracting semantics from them,studying them and learning how the Marzouki discussed the words and bringingopinions from his predecessors and those who came after him And try to clarify theiragreement and differences in their discussion of words and put them as well as tohighlight this book as one of the linguistic sources that must be referred to it is anunknown source for the lack of an electronic version of it and being a moderninvestigation… The research consists of an introduction and three semantics (tandem,linguistic differences, verbal co-ordination)

AbstractParadox is a statement of illogicality and self-contradictory expression, which has oftenbeen used by poets and writers to embellish the literary texture, specially the poems.Amongst the poets, Talib Abd-Alaziz used this technique in such modern method andcompletely different language that he seems articulating some words while meaningsomething totally different, a process that effects contradiction, raillery and mocking bymeans of phonetic shuffling, delusion and predicament. In such situation, we may findthe literary language swing between the phonetic paradox and context. Since paradox isone of the most significant ingredients of poems of iraqui poet, Talib Abd-Alaziz, wehave chosen his collection “Two paths on water and one on land” as an example which carries this technique more than any other works of the poet. In this study, weconcentrate on two principal basis: time and nature; and we will analyze them fromviewpoint of contextual paradox, applying the theoretical researchers in this aspect. Wewill end up with simple contradiction as well as occasional, dramatic, delusionalparadoxes and predicament. Also, we will have a look on other mosern techniquesapplied by the poet such as symbols, implications and linguistic paradoxes.

AbstractThe text of the novel falls within a cultural chain. The researcher attempts to clarifythe areas of anxiety, tension and fear of the unknown, as well as to investigate the actualand the virtual reality. Before looking for the visionary predictions of the novel, whichexamines the depth of the future and anticipates its events, Research, and an importantpillar of its main pillars.After the overview of the novel, the research began to pursue the concept of exoticismand its proximity in terms of the miraculous and then distinguish between them, as wellas stand in the concept of prospecting after the main strategy in the study of the novel.The research does not forget the cultural references of the product and its tributaries,and then the study begins to monitor the conflicts of the narrative scenes and to identifythe most prominent and forward-looking techniques such as the phenomenon of humancloning related to the idea of science fiction and the technique of the bird of the album. The novel goes through events dominated by a strange and clear future blackness tryingto portray the image of brutality And this is determined by the techniques of foresight,whose methodological features are not clear to the present day. Therefore, theresearcher focused on the narrative recruitment of the prospective events in applicationand study.

AbstractThis is a concise research contained within the pages samples of AL-Taher IbnAshoor (D.1393A.H) ideas in interceptive sentences in AL-Tahreer and AL-TanweerBook". He was right in most of them but he was not inafew of them .My way in the research was I mentioned the Quran text after that Ibn Ashoor opinionand the opinions of the scientists if available, then my opinion concering the matter.I dealt with samples from that ideas to be the core of my study.The arrangement of the texts were according to the Holly Quran Suras then Ifollowed that with the most important rasults that I concluded , then list of thereferences and the bibliography.

AbstractThis study aims to show Ibn malik grammatical ideas in the book AL-Jamea ALSahehto Abi Abdullah AL-Bukhari died in 256 H . He narrated that when Ibn Malikmigrated from Andulus and stayed in Damascus he became famous and controlling thelanguages studies – other grammarians asked him to explain the most importantproblems in AL- Jama'a AL-Saheh . He answered them and clarified it in the bookcalled shawahid AL-Tawdheh wal Tashes for the problems of AL-Jama'a AL-Saheh .Ibn Malik discussed argumentative problems He wanted to prove that thegrammarians didn't use the curcula correctly and they left most of prose investigationsHe tried to combine these things with grammatical books that adapt the traditional viewso he used it in this sector .

This research examines the structure of literary doctrines through the detection of entanglement and overlap that governs this structure and establishes it. Through the study of the nature of literary doctrines characterized by the complexity of trends and the overlap of the ideas that have been formed through its history, the literary doctrine is not a final form agreed upon, nor does it have the formulation of a ruling theory , but is a general approach that controls multiple arguments, and a comprehensive vision, but they are different in expression and applied procedures and value judgments .

In this s tudy, I dealt with an Andalus ian pers onality who was bef ore the papers of this res earch unknown. I loved to s how it to exis t, and the res earch s tudy required that it be divided into two parts . The f irs t part dealt with the lif e of the writer, which included his nam e, the birth and the em ergence of his s cientif ic s tatus , his elders and his writings . And f ollowed in the parades and then docum ented and conducted a s cientif ic study on them .

The literature of children and young people is new filed of origin in Persian language and literature. Although in recent years it has received remarkable attention and the results and work have been criticized and analyzed . The attention and focus on the linguistic difference between men and woman in the late settees in the Arabs in the result of the studies of intellectuals and linguists as well as programs . A group of woman A number of researchers and thinkers believe that woman, with different morale and nationality , have different attitudes towards the world and its relativities and thus they believe that the methods of applying two languages and writing different in this research we will examine women’s characteristics and feminism in the poetry of the bully and to achieve this goal you chose 18 poetry collection of the poetry of the fatigue day , which is the publication of the center for the development and education of children and intellectual bullying to be the subject of study and analysis and the collection of poetic chosen by the results of poets for men and of women’s style of hair bully

The stigmatized nature of swearing expressions renders their intrlingual/intercultural transference a problematic issue in translation. This stems from the fact that cultures differ in their tolerance of the use of swearing expressions. Accordingly, in the act of intrlingual/intercultural transference, translators adopt certain translation strategies to carefully handle the sensitive issue of such expressions. However, although the choice of a particular strategy is influenced by different ideological, cultural and contextual factors, there is a consensus that swearing expressions are either toned down or completely deleted. In light of this, this study attempts to identify the translation strategies adopted by two Arab (male and female) translators when rendering such expressions in Shakespeare’s Hamlet into Arabic. The aim is to examine whether gender has a role to play in determining the translator’s orientation either for domestication or foreignization. To achieve this objective, a corpus consisting of Hamlet’s original text and two translations of it in Arabic is collated. Moreover, in the analysis of the translation strategies Vermeer’s (1978/2000) Skopostheorie is utilized and Venuti’s (1995) model of ‘domestication’ and ‘foreignization’ is adopted to determine the overall translation behavior of the translators as being either source text/culture oriented or target text/culture oriented. The findings of the study indicate that the translators have adopted a number of domestication translation strategies including deletion, de-swearing, ambiguity and generalization to abide by cultural norms in the target culture and a number of foreignization strategies including changing non-swearwords to swearwords, over-translation (over-swearing), and literal translation to preserve the spirit of the source text. However, in comparison with the male translator, the female translator was more risk aversive when it comes to making translation decisions, a fact which might be attributed to her little experience in literary translation. Hence, she was more faithful to the source text.

Some poets reflect how children suffer around the world in general and in conflicting areas in particular. They in fact portray a gloomy image of helpless weak victims due to the social, economic and even the political exploitation during the war times that are characterized by different kinds of trauma and fear. This research studies the issues of trauma and fear of the Iraqi child as a war victim in three selected American and Western poets: Judith Morrison, David Robert and David Krieger. These poets shed light on the Child’s innocence, and the child as a symbol of peace. Their poems uncover a horrifying vision of the catastrophic outcomes of war. The conclusion concentrates on the various points of view of each individual poet in the method of dealing with the two issues and the way of response toward the catastrophic outcomes of wars upon such flagging, disarmed and powerless innocent children in Iraq and other countries around the world.

Characterization is one of the significant elements of writing a dramatic work. Muchfocus is given to the representation of characters on the stage in communicating thedramatist’s theme in the past research. However, less attention is paid to the study of therole of non-human elements in communicating the same theme. The current studyclaims that inanimate characters share with the human characters the significance inconveying the main theme in the dramatic work in Samuel Beckett’s Endgame.Inanimate characters are used by the modern dramatist symbolically to state variousaspects, conditions and beliefs of the characters and the whole action of the play.Modern playwrights animate the inanimate objects because the human characters aredepersonalized and disfigured in the modern world. So, they invest this technique andcharge it with various meanings to help the audience in understanding the illogicalityand absurdity of the human characters. Thus this study examines the inanimatecharacters, and their role beside the animate characters in communicating the maintheme of the play. It concludes that they have a great contribution on the stage inconveying Beckett’s themes to the audience in his Endgame.

This paper which is entitled 'Opening Conversations, Closing Conversations, andTelephone Calls in Six of Roald Dahl's Children Stories', deals with analyzing theconversations found in the selected stories in respect to a number of conversationalaspects. The primary aim and focus of this research is conversation rather thanlanguage. The purpose of this paper is first to show how conversation is an integral partof our everyday lives and how conversation is something that happens haphazardlywithout any planning. It also shows how opening conversations, closing conversationsand telephone calls occur, especially in Roald Dahl's six selected children stories.Multiple reasons are given for opening and closing conversations that divert from thenorm. A number of conversational examples have been chosen for the purpose ofanalysis from Roald Dahl's six selected children stories. Not all the selected storiescontain the same amount of opening conversations, closing conversations and telephonecalls. The latter is because the writer has his own unique style of writing which isopening the conversation with the start of every new part or chapter, and not endingconversations as often as opening them, even when the sections or chapters end. Thetelephone calls, however, are few in number, due to the fact that the stories have beenwritten before cellphones came to existence and became popular.

Precarity means the lack of social and economic networks; a considerable exposure todanger and harm. Minority groups are precariat for they lack rights and full citizenship.Precarity is related, states Judith Butler, with the individual’s performativity, and hisability to perform his gender role. Toni Morrison continually goes to past to retell thehistory of African Americans. The issues of race, gender and national identity arerecurrent in her work. Reading her book Home (2012) evokes the idea of precarity andperformativity since the two main characters, Frank and Cee are precarious charactersthat fail to perform their gender role properly, and eventually are exposed to hazard andharm. This research displays how African American people were precariat during the1950s. It traces Frank and Cee’s attempts to perform their gender roles to gainrecognizability. It shows the failure of precarious people to be recognized in the societythat denies Blacks’ rights.

D'une claire langue arabe, Allah a révélé le noble Coran à son prophète Mohamed (quela prière et la paix soient sur lui) pour le transmettre d’abord aux arabes et plus tard auxautres nations du monde. La langue française est parmi les langues qui ont vu apparaitreplusieurs traductions françaises y compris la présente version qu'on a sous les mains etqui appartient à Albert Kazimirski, un orientaliste polonais. Cette tâche consistant àtraduire les sens du Coran, envisage beaucoup de problèmes et défis la rendant quasiimpossible, parmi lesquels la manière dont les sens de ce divin livre sacré ont ététraduits.La traduction du noble Coran se divise en deux types : la traduction interprétative et latraduction littérale. Toutefois, la traduction littérale des sens du noble Coran, dansquelques endroits, ne transporterait pas leurs significations réelles et trahirait leurpropos. Dans cette recherche, nous projetterons la lumière sur un nombre de mots et desens du noble Coran qui ont été choisi de la traduction d'Albert Kazimirski, où il atransmis ces mots à la langue française, mais sa traduction était une littérale etdifférente par rapport au sens réel, ce qui a fabriqué un malentendu chez le lecteur nonarabophone et rend le message coranique incompréhensible. Les exemples choisis ontété étudiés et analysés en référant à l'exégèse d'Al-Tabari (Tafsir Al-Tabari), un ouvragede référence en ce qui concerne l'interprétation du noble Coran.