Anbar University Journal of Languages & Literature

This study endeavored to elucidate the stylistic properties, which draw attention to Al-Mutanabi poetry. In this study, I selected the method of the statistical stylistic method, which is based on the determination of stylistic properties in the statistical analysis of texts.
 As well as paying attention to the arts of Arabic rhetoric. It has six images, all contained in Al-Mutanabi poetry. These images have been examined, particularly two of them because of their frequent presence in his poetry, namely paying attention from backbiting to speech, and speech to backbiting. In addition, the study was provided with two tables in which I collected the verses that presented these two images.

This research studies the structure adjustment of semantics and methods of interpretation of linguistic material in (Maejam Rawdat Al-Lugha by Dr. Ahmed Al-Khani). The methods of adjustment vary and he was interested in the known ones, like drawing “harakah” with the pencil, mentioning the name of the “harakah” and representation. He ignored some of them like adjustment with mentioning the lexical letter. The research deals with some different semantic words in light of the old and new dictionaries. The research also deals with methods of material interpretation and explanation through exposing some of the methods approached by the author like counter interpretation, synonymous interpretation and linguistic, contextual, causal and figurative interpretations. He ignored the “known” word interpretation. The research, moreover, deals with a number of semantic words in light of the old and new dictionaries. 

Courtship revolves around the poet's admiration of the woman and drawing the features of her ideal image that comes from two things: First, the moral, and second, the material. The moral is closely related to the Arab woman’s morality and her avoiding what would dishonor and displace her from her external environment. The material is the physical qualities of accomplishment in terms of the beauty of the body and face within the boundaries of chaste courtship and honest love without exceeding the limits of ethics.

In this research we examined metaphor according to modern analysis theories of a group of Iraqi generation of the poets. The nature of the study required that it be studied through three methods: Structural, Deconstruction and Reception, to obtain the desired results by analyzing the poetry of this generation that contained metaphors. The metaphorical expressions are mainly based on the production of signs that differ from the literal translation and which give the recipient the opportunity to share the creative experience in poetry as well as transfer the creative process from the superficiality to extend in an atmosphere of hope and multiple levels of reception.

There is no doubt that the applied study of grammar of Quran and Sunnah and poetry, is very
important. There have been many studies in poetry as the Arabs Court, and in Quran as the book of God and the Constitution of Muslims, but the hadeeth has been less compared to Koran and poetry. Here we are studying the book (AL-Uddah Fi Ierab AL- Omdah by Ibn Farhoun). In this research we will review the Accusative case of nouns in book (AL-Uddah) by Ibn Farahon. The research included studying the theoretical accusative cases of nouns in eleven positions, which were supported by the applied evidence from the book of (AL-Uddah Fi Ierab AL- Omdah). 
 The views were brought together by ancient and modern Arab grammarians to appear in a form familiar with the grammatical views that abounded and multiplied to speech. The research is a syntactic study assembling between theoretical and applied aspects so that it is easier for the reader to delve into the expression of Hadeeth which scientists overlooked it.  

The grammatical efforts of Abdulmalik al-Asfarayni (d. 1037 AH) were scattered in the various books, especially he is the distinguished scholar and one of the Arabic language scientists in the eleventh century AH. So I decided to collect them to make it easier for anyone who searches for them, and minimize the efforts and time in order to be a reference comprising these efforts which I have confined with twenty issues. I started with parsing and ended the twentieth issue, using ( بات) with meaning of (صار ).

The research contains important case of Arabic literature which is stories told by animals,known as animals stories.In that field the researcher had found that, this type of stories gives the reader some kind ofpleasure in which exceeds that from other stories that had been made only for spending time,it takes the readers to another level by explaining to them a very important manner which isthe criticizing of rulers, the actions they made and its relation with the common, a goodexample of that the story of the tiger and the fox wrote by Sahel ibn Harron, he pointed on avery important incident of extermination of Albarameka aftermath the outraged of HaroonAlrasheedThe writer took the incident and made a story out of it, on which the animals were its heroesand their actions were similar to that in real life.The study has analyzed the figures in that story to know their kind and the nature of theirpersonality.

Dreams are a special world that differs from the real world in which we live, whose importance is not less than it in man’s life, for he is a world equal to reality and what is going on in it in terms of events and facts in this vast space. In this research, I attempted to discover and explain the reasons for the dream as well as the reasons for reality to reach the depths of the poet during the process of poetic creativity of the Andalusian poet to get closer to the relationship between reality and dream and its extent to his life. When poets express a certain situation, they bring up everything which is realistic and imaginary in front of them or abandoning reality and living in a place and time away from the tragedies and afflictions that surround them, which make them desire to change reality.

The aim of this research is to morphologically study the dialects argued by Ibn Al-Shajari on the nouns and verbs in his book Al-Amali. The significance of this research is to benefit from the old Arabic dialects in representatively enriching this linguistic aspect. In the introduction, I referred to the reasons why I studied the topic of dialects for their great significance. The research contains two parts: the first part tackles the argument by dialects in structures of nouns, and studies the structure of five nouns: (Uf (ugh), which, that, where and Ladun (by). The second part tackles the argument by dialects in the structure of verbs which is divided into four requirements:

argument by dialects in the forms of did and do.
argument by dialects in the present tense letters Haraka.
argument by dialects in permutation.
argument by dialects in the analysis of irregularity in the structure of some present tense verbs. 

This research discussed (the strength and weakness) as one of the manifestations of survival and annihilation at the Andalusian poet. Andalusian poets tried, through their poetry, to express the events that they experienced which increased their strengthened or weakened them. When the poet is in a society there is the welfare, safety, spreading of entertainment, the abundance of funds, the power and king, victories in the battles, as well as the strength of the body and health and youth. These factors made them enjoy power, however, there were many things that the poet has exposed, which made him feel weak and lost his power such as, lost money, lost loved ones, lost his home, lived in exile, lost in battle, spreading a hunger and poverty and lost his youth and strength.

This research aims to highlight part of  Resalat the (Letter) (Reasons of the Quranic Expression in the Interpretation of Quran Wonders and Wishes of Alfurqan) (Ilal Altaebir Alqarani fi Tafseer Gharayib Alquran Waraghayib Alfurqan by Nidham Al Deen Al Nisaburi). This part is style of reverse and delay in the Holy Quran in order to know Al Naisaburi’s approach in presenting his data and using different methods, like interpretation, readings, jurisprudence, rhetorics, logic and others, and employing them in highlighting the meanings deduced by reverse and delay and the ways of usage.

After his death before nearly thirteen centuries, Sibawayh left behind a single book later called the “Grammar Quran”. He collected grammar rules and origins whose effects still echo strongly in the subsequent followers of the grammarians of different sects and schools. This research tackles one of those who came later, that is the book of Al- Dur Al- Masoun by surveying, collecting, and analysis. The research focuses on the grammatical views only with important samples. 

This research deals with the quotation from the Qur'an in Islamic poetry, in particular in the poetry of Islamic sects in the Umayyad era. This can be done through a critical reading interested in revealing the artistic and aesthetic value of this quotation and how the poet's creativity plays a role in it in a way that he gets benefit from it to enrich his poetic text. The research was divided into two sections, the first shows the verbal quotations in the poetry, while the other discusses the moral quotations in it. Before these two sections there is a preliminary explanation of the concept of quotation in terms of language and terminology, and a brief overview of Islamic sects and their poets. In this reading the researcher follows the descriptive analytical approach, and he concludes that the quotation has an efficient effect in enriching the poet’s experience regardless of their different dealing with the Qur'anic texts. We should notice that the use of the Qur'anic words meanings was not in terms of its religious and ideological, it was technical and rhetorical. Such work - undoubtedly - raises the level of their poetic texts, and gives them [the poetic texts] a new dimension.

The blind poets in Andalusia relied on heritage to draw their poetic paintings. They felt that
Arab history in its personalities was a bright element in their poetic experience and a
significant inspiration. So they summoned historical Islamic figures and historical political,
literary and artistic figures along with the historical figures of women. But the historical
political, literary and artistic figures were more present than the rest; perhaps because they see
in the political and literary personality, including the pre-Islamic figures of those moral values
and glorious virtues that Islam called for and established. So they tend to take from the origin
maybe because they think that they are more present in the mind of the recipient. And this
would not under- estimate the Islamic figures which also founded the highest degrees of
morality and the best qualities.

This study sheds light on the evidence of the syntactic making represented by listening, measuring, reasoning and directing attention to the modes of transport adopted by one of the twelfth century media in a book explaining the conversations of our noble Prophet Muhammad (Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him).In this study, he presented the applications of the evidence used by the author in the direction of some conversations and another presentation of the transfer of various scholars and books, whether in explaining the hadith or grammar or lexicons or books of interpretation and methods of the author and his style of transport, and May God grant us help and success

This research is based on the study of hearing and its impact on the rooting of grammar rules.
It also included talking about the way in which grammar scholars adopted the method of
relying on this source, which is a pillar that cannot be ignored in proving the grammatical
rule.. It also includes its approved sources of Qurani verses and readings, hadith, poetry and
prose, and dialects on which each team relie.

Deletion is one of the widely known topics in Arabic structures and (Fath Al-Rahman by Revealing What is Ambiguous in the Qur’an) book by Zakaria Al- Ansari (d.926 AH). AL-Ansari wrote his book (AL-Fatih), comprising many topics in which he referred to the deletion and its eloquence in the Quranic expression distributed over several topics, so he has the deletion in the chapter of AL-Umad, such as deleting the subject ‘was’ and its noun the actual sentence and its attachments. As for deleting the structures and what follows them. So the deletion of the accusative, the second object, and others like the deletion of dependencies.

This is a concise research which contained the philological and legality purposes for the interpositive sentence for AL-Taher Ibn Ashoor (D.1393A.H) in AL-Tahreer and AL-Tanweer Book". It was a selective study and what I dealt with was a unique sample, while there are other purposes which cannot be mentioned because of the limited time. This study was as follows:
 
I dealt with the philological and legal purposes and defined it in a concise way; therefore, I dealt with the Quran text which included interposition, and sometimes the philologists’ opinions, then AL-Taher Ibn Ashoor’s (D.1393A.H) opinion, and interpreters’ opinions if available. Eventually, I wrote down some results that I have concluded.   

The method of exception is one of the methods of the Arabic language and it is in sections : the connected exception , the disconnected exception and the derogation exception. The connected and disconnected exceptions are complete which means the excepted, exception tool and excepted from are  mentioned. As for the incomplete exception, it is empty. Exception comes as affirmative, negative or preceded by semi negative like prohibition. Its choice is similar to other grammar methods. This research tackles Al-Dammamini’s selection because the exception is missing, neither connected nor disconnected. The first choice is mentioned in part of the Prophet’s Hadith and the other in a quranic Aia.

In the name of ALLAH, prayer and peace be upon the Messenger of ALLAH, Muhammad (PBUH): This research deals with the effect of the environment on the poet’s psychology as reflected in his/her behavior and poetry. It is known that the environment greatly influences the writer’s personality, especially the poet, who clearly exposes these effects. The poet is the outcome of his/her environment influenced by and influencing it which gives him/her different tools affecting his/her choices and poetic language. Thus the critics have connected between the poet’s language and his/her environment. The research analyzes the various psychological motives in the poetic lines.

The Arabic language is the language of the Holy Quran, whose wonders do not expire; therefore, the second greatest inscription after the holy Quran is Prophet Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) Sunnah. No doubt that the Prophet's Hadith is the second  source of legislation for Muslims after the Holy Quran, and prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) confirmed its importance when he said, in a long conversation: (... surely I have been given the Quran and others similar to it...)). Hence, muslim scholars  have taken special care of Hadith, and they were preoccupied with explanation and interpretation of its secrets and studied its science, arts, language, rules and others. Of those who studied the Prophet’s Hadith was Abu Al Hassan Obeid Allah Al Rahmani Mabarkfouri (died in 1414 AH). The paper is thus entitled " Grammatical Lesson about “ Kana Wa Akhawatiha” “Kaana Group” in (Muraat Al Masabeeh Sarh Mishkat Al Masabeeh) by Obeid Allah Mabarkfouri. The study is divided into an introduction and two chapters about (kaana) and its group and a conclusion summarizing the most important findings. 

The orientalists, in the past and present, were interested in the Holy Qur’an studying, criticizing and translating, and their aims differed in that, according to their cultural, religious and intellectual orientations, and the translation of its meanings had a share of that interest. As it is the case in the first translation called the translation of the Monastery of Cluny 1141 AD in France into Latin, and some translated it for the sake of knowledge, as is the case in the translation of "Rivlin" into the Hebrew language, and some of them showed their hostile intentions and their religious and intellectual orientations towards it, as is the case in the translation of Reckendorf. Therefore, it was necessary to study and analyze these translations, in order to find out the flaws in these translations, and respond to them, because the Noble Qur’an is not a book of intellectual luxury, but rather it is the miraculous word of God, the constitution of Muslims and the pillar of their religion Bin Shemesh's translation was chosen for the study because the translator's hostile intentions and orientations were evident in his introduction to the translation, and the choice of rhetorical methods is the focus of the research. Because it contains meanings among the expressions that the non-specialist reader cannot know, so it was necessary to research this particular topic to see the extent of the translator's proficiency in conveying the meaning as it was mentioned in the Islamic Quran interpretation books. As for choosing Surat Yusuf as a model, it is because it transmits events of the story of a prophet from among the prophets of God, peace be upon them, and was mentioned in the Jewish and Islamic heritage, which calls for consideration of the extent to which the translator was affected by this, and the extent of his commitment to scientific honesty in transmitting events.

No doubt that excellence, leadership, dignity, pride and sovereignty in this world and in the Hereafter are for the scholars who carry the Quran, the Book of Allah, whose knowledge has come to them from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who said: Allah upgrades, by this Quran, people and degrades others”. That is why scholars are interested in studying , memorizing and researching the secrets of the Holy Quran. From this point, I found it appropriate to study this Book and my research entitled "Styles of the Quranic Expression in Sura Al Nabaa"). Accordingly, the research is divided into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction includes why I chose the topic, its importance and methodology. The chapters are as follows:
The first chapter: the styles of grammatical meanings in Sura Al Nabaa which include four requirements, the first one is emphasis, the second is definite and indefinite, the third is ellipsis and occurrence. The fourth is anastrophe, and the second chapter is: methods of rhetoric in the Sura, and includes three requirements:
The first one is: the metaphorical requirements in Semantics, and the second is: Science of Style, the third is: Rhetorics, and the third chapter: the art of Quranic expression in the Sura. It contains two requirements: the first is: the structure in the Quranic expression and the second is: altruism.
In conclusion, I mentioned the most important findings in my humble research. At the end of the research, I listed the most important sources and references on which my research was based. In conclusion, I ask Allah to make this work purely for Him. 

This paper aims to investigate and analyze proverbs and proverbial
expressions which are socially acceptable, used by J. R. R. Tolkien, in his novel
"The Hobbit", according to Halliday's transitivity theory. It shows how they
were woven within the events of novel to achieve his persuasive strategies. Plus,
it presents the way that the novelist successfully used to persuade children and
make them comprehend and understand them. The study results reveal that the
frequency of different processes varies in different rates. In addition, he uses the
relational process, which occupies the first place among the others, to create the
positive image in the children's mind.