General Details for Authors

Submission

Articles may be submitted online to this journal. Editable files (e.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for final publication. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, is sent by e-mail. Contributions to this journal may be submitted either online or outside the system.

Text should be typed double-spaced, in a double  column using 12-point type.

Preparation

Use of word processing software

It is important that the file be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in Horizontal format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the word processor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each individual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts.

Article structure

Appendices

If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B, etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq. (B.1) and so on. Similarly, for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1, etc.

 Essential title page information

Title: Concise and informative. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible.

Author names and affiliations: Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. You can add your name between parentheses in your own script behind the English transliteration. Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all affiliations with a lower­-case superscript letter immediately after the author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if available, the e-mail address of each author.

Corresponding author: Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. This responsibility includes answering any future queries about Methodology and Materials. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.

Affiliation address: Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.

Abstract

Abstract (250 words maximum) should be a summary of the paper and not an introduction. Because the abstract may be used in abstracting journals, it should be self-contained (i.e., no numerical references) and substantive in nature, presenting concisely the objectives, methodology used, results obtained, and their significance.

Keywords

Subject terms or keywords are required, maximum of eight. Key words referring to the special contents of the publication, and not to its methods. The editor retains the right to change the Key words.

Acknowledgements

Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).

 Artwork

General points

  • Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
  • Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option.
  • Aim to use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times New Roman, Symbol, or use fonts that look similar.
  • Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
  • Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
  • Provide captions to illustrations separately.
  • Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the published version.
  • Submit each illustration as a separate file.

       . TIFF (or JPEG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones), keep to a minimum of 300 dpi.

  • TIFF (or JPEG): Bitmapped (pure black & white pixels) line drawings, keep to a minimum of 1000 dpi. TIFF (or JPEG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale), keep to a minimum of 500 dpi.
  • Please do not:
  • Supply files (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); these typically have a low number of pixels and limited set of colors;
  • Supply files that are too low in resolution;
  • Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Figure captions

  • Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

 Illustrations

Size your illustrations according to the journal’s specifications for column widths. Figures are generally reduced to either one-column width (8.8 cm) or smaller. Submit each illustration at the final size in which you would like it to appear in the journal. Each illustration should be prepared for 100% reproduction. •Avoid submitting illustrations containing small axes with oversized labels. •Ensure that line weights will be 0.5 points or greater in the final published size. Line weights below 0.5 points will reproduce poorly.

Tables

Tables should bear consecutive numbers. Please add headings immediately above the tables

Works cited

Reference management software

 Using citation plugins from products styles, such as Mendeley or Endnote plugin. 

 References should be given in the following form:

1. Books with one Author

Include (if available): authors last name and first name; year of publication; title; edition (if not 1st); place of publication and publisher.

Examples

New, T. R. 1988. Invertebrate: Surveys for  conservation. New York. Oxford University Press.

Pennak , R.W.1971. Freshwater invertebrates of the United States. 2nd ed. New York. John ?Wily & Sons .

2. Books with two or more Authors

Whistler, R. L. and Wolfrom, M. L. 1962. Methods in carbohydrate chemistry (I). New York and London. Academic press.

Bonabeau, E., Dorigo, M., and Theraulaz, G. 1999. Swarm Intelligence: From Natural to Artificial Systems. New York. Oxford University Press.

3. E-books

The same information should be provided as for printed books, see examples above. For books that have been read or downloaded from a library website or bookshop you should add the information that it is an e-book at the end of the reference.

Example:
Bowen, N. K. and Guo, S. 2012. Structural equation modeling. New York: Oxford University Press. E-book.

Some books whose copyright have expired are sometimes freely available on the internet (They are in the public domain.). In those cases you should add the complete URL (http ://....) or the link provided by the publisher and your date of access, the date you downloaded/read the book.

 4. Book Chapters

Include (if available): Last name(s) and first name(s) of author(s) of book chapter. Year of publication. Title of book chapter. In first and family name(s) of editor(s) and ed(s) in brackets. Title of book. Edition (if not 1:st). Place of publication: publisher, page numbers of chapter.

Example

Mertens, J. A. 1993. Chlorocarbons and chlorhydrocarbons. In: Kroschwitz and Howe-Grant M (eds), Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. New York: John Wiley & Sons , 40-50.

5. Journal Articles

Include (if available): Last name(s) and the first letter of the first name (s) of author(s). Year of publication. Title of article. Journal name Volume (issue): page numbers of article.

Examples:

Shashank Sharma, Ravi Sharma, 2015 .  Study on th optical properties of MN doped ZnS nanocrystals, Int. Sci. J. 2 (1) 120–130.

6. Electronic Journal Articles

Same information included as for journal articles (see example above) and a DOI-number. DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is used to uniquely identify an object such as an electronic article. DOI-numbers are permanent, which makes it possible to easily locate articles even if the URL of the article has changed.  Articles are assigned DOI-numbers by major academic publishers. If there is no DOI-number you should give the URL-link of the article and in some cases access date (mainly articles that are freely available on the internet).

Example:

Das, J.  and Acharya, B. C. 2003. Hydrology and assessment of lotic water quality in Cuttack City, India. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 150:163-175.  doi:10.1023/A:1026193514875

7. Dissertations and theses

Include information about university of graduation and title of degree.
Examples

Ali, S.M. 2012. Hydrogeological environmental assessment of Baghdad area. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Geology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Iraq.

8. Conference Proceedings and Symposia papers

Lectures/presentations at conferences and seminars are published in anthologies called proceedings. Title, year and city of conference are to be included if known. Individual contributions to conference proceedings, if published in their totality (not abstract only) are treated as chapters in books.

Example:

Mishra R. 1972. A comparative study of net primary productivity of dry deciduous forest and grassland of Varanasi. Symposium on tropical ecology with emphasis on organic production. Institute of Tropical Ecology, University of Georgia: 278-293.