Anbar University Journal of Languages & Literature

المستخلص
یدرس هذا البحث ظاهرة تعدد صیغ الجموع فی کتاب (المصباح المنیر) للفیومی لکون هذه الظاهرة لم تجد من الاهتمام إلا النزر الیسیر فی الکتب الأصول-النحو والصرف ومعاجم اللغة. ولعلّ المُحدَثین هم أوّل من أثارَ التساؤل حول قضیة(تعدد الجموع)، فلاحظوا أنّ کثیرًا من الألفاظ قد وُضِعَ لها أکثر من صیغة جمع، ولعلّ سبب عدم وضوح أسباب هذه الظاهرة جلیًّا فی القِدَم؛ یعود لکونها باتت من مسلّمات اللغة وکون النحویین العرب أمثال المبرّد وابن یعیش قد أمِنوا اللبس فیها فلم یعنوا بتفصیلها، أما نحن الیوم فبحاجة إلى توضیح هذه الظاهرة والبحث عن أسبابها، وهذا ما دفعنی لکتابة هذا البحث.

Abstract

This paper examines the characteristics of sentence in saibawaih's book. Through tracing the general concept of AL-Kalam, this paper determines the characteristics of sentence from Saibawaih's point of view. The paper also defines the term AL-Kalam in the light of Saibawaih's practice as elaborated in his book ( Alkitab)

Abstract

Classical and modern Arab grammarians alike paid great attention to the study of grammatical defact and its reasoning because it is the very foundation of grammatical rules and explanations. This paper studies this phenomenon in Al-Zajajis book Explanations of Al-Zajaji's Sentences with particular reference to the section on postnominals and derivatives. The paper falls into an introduction, two sections, and a conclusion.

This paper aims at finding out the important recantations which Ibn Al-Qaim tried to get against Al-Suhaili in Bada’a Al-Fawa’d book which it may be forget during establishing . In spite the fact that Ibn Al-Qaim was after Al-Suhaili about two centuries, he recanted to get what he missed of benefits and positions which was able to prove for himself specific opinions . We saw him in some positions, refuted some of it, overbalanced some of it, and criticized some of it, rejected some of it, digressed in commentary and liberated the phrases . People of science lastly and recently recant each one with the other .
The accumulative knowledge place means that the previous starts to establish a book until he gets to a proper stoppage according to his energy and efforts . After that an author comes after him adds. Comments and corrects . Sibawaih was recanted on Al-Khalil and others . Al-Mubred on Sibawaih and so on . as Allah said in the Holy Quran (( Over all Endued with Knowledge is One, The All Knowing )) surah Yusuf -76 .

Abstract
This paper deals with the contemporary contextual approaches to the study of the vagabonds' poetry in the Pre-Islamic period. These contextual studies took three directions: philosophical, social, and mythical. These studies concentrate on the poet's sense of belonging to his tribe and his bitter reality. These two factors privileged the contextual approaches to the study of this poetry over other textual and paratextual approaches in literary criticism.

Abstract
Jahilite prose was as important as poetry in an age of presumed poetic ascendency. There were many factors that gave prominence to prose at that age. Major among them is its artistic and aesthetic variety which made it the art of all people, high and common as in the case of orations and proverbs.
This study analyzes the aspects of the artistic structure of the Jahilite prose arts and the effect of off-hand composition on it. It is clear that Arabs tended to off-hand composition due to the pure linguistic mulueu as is the case with prose proverbs. Jahilite proverbs followed certain compositional techniques to affect high meaning such as the use of short and lucid sentences with no insistent rhymes.

ِAbstract
Arabic literature is not far away from influences of criticism methods and readings. Rather it assumed varied approaches, methods and readings that revolved mainly around such schools of thought as historical, social, structuralism, psychological, stylistic and destruction, and could accomplish multifaceted creative criticism readings by many critics.
Though attempts by many critics to produce literary text readings, a criticism method is lacking, that is responsive to the historical context within which Arabic literature and its varied arts emerged, without such method dictates forehand explanations, or subjects it to peculiar considerations that derail it off context or else treats it contrary to what is possible by internal structures in terms of open denotation or interpretation predicated to other.
This author, attempting to make salient the inherent defects and slides, addressed such methods and readings as applied to the Arabic literature by many critics who falsely pretend filling gaps improbable by the classic criticism.
In brief, the conclusion from this reading is that the reviewed readings and methods are composed from eclectic methods that derive from philosophical, linguistic or intellectual schools or have association with certain disciplines like humanism, whether historical or psychological.

Abstract
This study is based on trying to find the relationship between the technicians, the one on the floor, represented in the novel, while the second is based on the image represented in cinema.
This study approached the literature Algerian in relation to the art of cinema through a novel opium and stick to the writer Mouloud Mammeri which quoted the cinema. the focus was on the novel as text written and the changes that have taken place them after conversion to the text invisible. As The focus was on the importance of the quotation of cinema that does not mean the literal transfer of the novel to be a film.

Abstract

Irony is one of the elements of narrative structure in the Abbassid storie. It has an aesthetic significance especially on the level of language. Irony is present in these stories on the levels of type, style, and procedure. It was the most prominent feature of the language of narration. Irony manifests itself in witty dialogues, double meaning, and misunderstanding. It also rises from the changes in meaning of expressions in the process of textual and formal inscription. Irony is also sharpened by such linguistic styles of introgation, addressing, request.

Abstract

No one can deny the influential role and the potential power the media has in our modern societies. It is the great shaper of public opinion that can affect our world either positively or negatively. Newspapers as a type of media text are considered as a credible and authoritative source of local, national and international information that have immediate concerns for every reader. To draw the readers’ attention to their papers and topics, the journalists rely very heavily on the headlines which are in themselves a distinct type of text. The language of headlines or what is termed “headlinese” incorporates several features ;though similar in some respect to standard language, , yet it also shows many differences and peculiarities which may sometimes render the headlines ambiguous and misleading. The present paper pins down the general linguistic features of headlinese aiming at discovering what sort of similarity and difference this language has, to decide its degree of deviation from the standard norms.

Culture-integrated foreign language teaching holds an important place in foreign language education worldwide. The increasing awareness of cultural hybridity and the openness of cultural frontiers make an urgent call for an approach, which is compatible with a focus on the cultural context. The present paper attempts to vindicate that literature has many cultural implications if taught via a reader response approach. In addition to helping students develop an awareness of the target language culture, this approach calls for the participation of the reader, who brings to the text his experience and cultural knowledge in the interpretative process. In a reader response approach, meaning is constructed through a transaction/interaction between the reader and the text. Hence, the reading process opens a dialogue between cultures.

The present paper attempts a semantico-pragmatic analysis of synecdoche as used in the Glorious Quran. It tries to examine the bearings of both semantics and pragmatics on religious texts. It focuses on the perlocutionary force, the impact intended on the recipient, indirectly but forcibly conveying the intended meaning (Austin, 1962). Hence, more is being communicated than is actually stated. The paper tries to depict the use of synecdoche in a religious context and whether translators could grasp the logical relations built through the use of this trope and opt for the most suitable renditions in English or not.